Bijeljina is an urban settlement and a local self-government unit with a status of a city in the north-east of Republika Srpska and BaH. The land area of the City territory is 734 km² and it includes the Semberija plain which turns into mild hills of Majevica Mountain. The City of Bijeljina is located at the mouth of river Drina to river Sava. These two rivers are northern and eastern border of the City towards Mačva and Srem.
 
Drina and Sava are state borders with Serbia and Croatia, and the City centre is about six kilometres away from the border with Serbia and about 40 kilometres from the border with Croatia. Neighbouring municipalities are Lopare, Ugljevik and Zvornik, as well as Brčko District. Due to its geo-political location, Bijeljina is on the crossroads from the western part of Republika Srpska towards Serbia, and the eastern part of Republika Srpska and southern part of BaH towards northern Serbia, and further towards Ponnonian Basin and Central Europe. About 115,000 people live in Bijeljina, which makes it the second largest city in Republika Srpska.

The City of Bijeljina is located in an attractive geostrategic location – at tripoint of Republika Srpska/BaH with Serbia and Croatia, the crossroads between large urban and industrial centres – Belgrade, Novi Sad, Inđija, Banja Luka, Šabac, Tuzla, Sarajevo... At approximately thirty kilometres from Bijeljina there is an entrance to the Pan-European Corridor 10, or E-70 motorway Belgrade-Zagreb. This road is the shortest way from Semberija to Belgrade and Zagreb, and then to west and central Europe and south and east of the Balkan Peninsula. The territory of the City has two border crossings with Serbia, over the rivers Sava and Drina (Rača and Pavlović Bridge), which are the most frequent crossings for the traffic coming from the west and south of Republika Srpska/BaH to the north of Serbia and Belgrade. There is a small border crossing in Gornje Crnjelovo where a ferry is used to cross the river towards Serbia.

The City of Bijeljina has access to the navigable part of the river Sava towards the north. It is planned to renovate the old port in Rača, which was one of the main points of exportation in the north-east of Bosnia in the first half of the twentieth century. In the meantime, the closest river ports to Bijeljina are in Brčko and Sremska Mitrovica (40 and 67 kilometres from Bijeljina respectively). The railroad Bijeljina-Šid is currently not in use, but it is expected to be renovated in due course. Currently, the closest railway connection to Belgrade, Novi Sad, Zagreb, and further to the rest of Europe is in Šid and Sremska Mitrovica. Airport “Nikola Tesla” in Belgrade is 122 kilometres away from Bijeljina, the airport in Banja Luka is 228 kilometres away (273 kilometres by motorway), the airport in Sarajevo is 194 kilometres away, and the nearest is the airport in Tuzla which is currently used only by low-cost companies – 70 kilometres away.